Soybean (Glycine max) is an important crop, which presents high profitability to the producer, especially due to its high production capacity. However, during the crop cycle, there are numerous factors that can cause losses in this crop, whether due to soil-climatic or management conditions.
Among the management carried out in soybean cultivation is that of weeds, which can be carried out pre- or post-emergence. Inadequate management of these invaders is one of the main factors that reduce soybean productivity, due to competition for water, light and nutrients. In addition to a significant direct reduction in productivity, weeds cause problems with grain quality, cause uneven maturation, cause difficulties in the harvesting operation and can be hosts to numerous pests and diseases.
Why is it necessary to manage weeds?
Weed control in soybean crops aims to eliminate or reduce the number of weeds per area, so that they do not cause economic damage to the crop. For control, we use post-emergence herbicides, eliminating weeds before the critical period.
Integrated management must be established for weeds, an example being the use of cover crops during the winter, which often provides an unfavorable environment for the establishment of weeds. Furthermore, it is essential to sow in plots that do not have emerged weeds, and with this the application of pre-emergent herbicides, which allow for the initial establishment of soybeans without competition for water, light and nutrients.
When talking about the application of herbicides in post-emergence, one must be aware that although the crop is selective for a certain product, that is, it does not suffer damage from this application, this product is still metabolized by the plant, and this generates a significant energy expenditure for culture. Therefore, it is important that spraying is carried out in a crop with nutrition levels and field conditions that favor crop health. Understanding the importance of maintaining crops with adequate fertility levels, 3tentos acts as a facilitator to bring the producer closer to the input (fertilizer), providing several options in its portfolio to help the producer promote the best soil profile for their crops.
Technologies that enable post-emergence desiccation
Another important factor to be observed refers to the technologies used in the most diverse cultivars present on the market. Especially for post-emergence desiccation, there are biotechnologies that enable this management, namely RR, ENLIST and XTEND.
RR
Soya RR (Roundup Ready) is the technology that provides resistance to glyphosate, an important herbicide applied post-emergence in soybeans that provides control on already established weeds, some examples being Bittergrass (Digitaria insularis), Buttergrass ( Cenchrus echinatus), Viola string (lpomoea grandifolia), Guanxuma (Sida rhombifolia), among other species.
The recommendation for the application of glyphosate is described in the product leaflet, together with the phenological stage of application of the soybean crop tolerant to the product, dosages according to the infesting weed, among other additional information.
Enlist
Enlist soybean cultivars allow the application of the herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium post-emergence of soybeans, enabling greater flexibility and efficiency in weed management. Enlist combines top-notch genetic characteristics with effective weed management, with the aim of maximizing production potential.
Combined with Enlist cultivars, the Enlist® Colex-D® herbicide presents numerous benefits of practicality, safety and application flexibility, being compatible with various glyphosate salts present on the market and with reduced potential for drift and volatility. In addition, it has a broad spectrum of weed control, controlling weeds such as Horseweed (Conyza bonariensis), Milkweed (Euphorbia heterophylla), Corda de viola (Ipomoea grandifolia), Trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis), among others.
The application of this herbicide can be carried out when the soybean is at stages V2 to V3 (two to three fully expanded trefoils), and can be extended up to R2. The number of applications cannot exceed 2 times after soybean emergence, according to the product leaflet. Between the last application and soybean harvest, the safety interval determined for the crop must be respected.
3tentos works in its portfolio with the BMX Vênus cultivar, which brings this biotechnology to the field.
Xtend
Intacta Among the weeds over which these herbicide molecules have effective control are Horseweed (Conyza bonariensis), Caruru (Amaranthus spp.), Corda de viola (lpomoea grandifolia) and Picão-preto (Bidens pilosa).
We must be careful when applying this herbicide, due to its volatility. Furthermore, there is no record of leaflet for post-emergence application in soybean crops, only pre-planting.
Therefore, 3tentos works with several cultivars using biotechnology: BMX Trovão, BMX Torque, CZ 15B29, CZ 15B20, DM 54IX57, DM 60IX64, GH 5909, GH 5115, M 5710, M 6130, NS 5505 and SoyTech 580
General recommendations
It is important to emphasize that the applications of these products must follow some recommendations, such as dosage, application time, type of spray tips, climatic conditions for applications, among others. Care must be taken when using these herbicides in the leaflets of the products used and it is important to always consult an Agricultural Engineer.
Text written by Dyeferson dos Reis Rocha and Pedro Rockenbach, academics from the Agronomy course at UFSM, Frederico Westphalen campus, member of the Tutorial Education Program (PET) - Agricultural Sciences, under the supervision of the tutor, professor Dr. Claudir José Basso.
